Inverse problems in differential equations constitute a pivotal area in applied mathematics and engineering, where the aim is to deduce unknown parameters or inputs within a differential equation from ...

Composite functions are made when the output from one function is used as the input of another function. The names of the functions are written next to each other, with the function that is used first ...

The sample inverse autocorrelation function (SIACF) plays much the same role in ARIMA modeling as the sample partial autocorrelation function (SPACF) but generally indicates subset and seasonal ...