Physicists and computer scientists have recently expanded the modern theory of the thermodynamics of computation. By combining approaches from statistical physics and computer science, the researchers ...

For more than a century, thermodynamics has described how heat flows and engines run, while quantum mechanics has ruled the strange behavior of atoms and photons. Physicists have long suspected that ...

Today’s computers need safeguards against random energy fluctuations. Thermodynamic computers would put those fluctuations to ...

Thermodynamic analysis in smelting processes entails the quantitative evaluation of energy changes and phase stability that govern the conversion of ores into metallic products. At its core lies the ...

Many solid materials "remember" their past. A piece of metal may respond differently after being stretched, heated, or cooled, and memory materials rely precisely on this kind of history-dependent ...

Researchers at the Santa Fe Institute and elsewhere have spent decades developing a thermodynamic theory of computation, but previous work on the energy cost has focused on basic symbolic computations ...

Every computing system, biological or synthetic, from cells to brains to laptops, has a cost. This isn’t the price, which is easy to discern, but an energy cost connected to the work required to run a ...