Immunotherapies – treatments that aim to make the body's natural immune system more effective – are becoming more widely used ...

Louse-borne relapsing fever is caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia recurrentis, which is transmitted by body lice ...

The complement cascade comprises soluble and cell surface proteins and is an important arm of the innate immune system. Once activated, the complement system rapidly generates large quantities of ...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are inter-related clinical and pathophysiological disorders. Cells of the innate immune system, such as granulocytes and macrophages, can ...

Lysins are specific antibodies that cause the dissolution of bacteria, plant, and animal cells. Under the influence of ...

Faults in a certain part of the immune system might be at the root of some long covid cases, new research suggests. For many people, covid is an illness that blusters in and out of our lives as cases ...

Antibodies, which recognize viruses and proteins that the body has encountered before, have long gotten most of the credit for giving the human immune system a memory. Now, researchers at the ...

Arachnology and toxinology have increasingly illuminated the structural, biochemical and evolutionary diversity of venom ...

Long Covid patients suffer from chronic symptoms such as fatigue or shortness of breath. As researchers have discovered, this is to some extent due to a part of our immune system called the complement ...

Our immune systems prevent and limit infections. They are a complex set of organs, cells, tissues and proteins that work together to protect our bodies from harmful invaders such as bacteria, viruses, ...